Config Register is 0x4a6f6469

Ada konfigurasi lab yang gue coba selesaikan. Udah hampir 1 pekan gue berkutat untuk menyelesaikan topologi ini. Dengan Lenovo Y400 gue plus 2,5GB RAM ternyata masih gak kuat buat jalanin topologi ini . Alhamdulillah hari ini almamater Cisco Academy gue yaitu Brainmatics.com mengizinkan gue untuk menggunakan lab-nya. Thanks mas romi, achun, dan Brainmatics Crew. I really appreciate that ! Happy karaoke-an ya hehehehehe

OK, balik lagi ke topologi, ini topologi fisik dan logikalnya:

 

 

Hasil akhir yang harus dicapai adalah ping dari lo0 di R5 ke lo0 di R3 sukses !

Untuk mencapai hal itu poin-poin yang di’tuning’ pada router dan switch diantaranya:

• Vlan
• Trunk
• Etherchannel
• OSPF
• OSPF over NBMA
• Virtual Link !
• EIGRP
• Route Redistribution
• Router on a Stick
• Frame Relay
• Frame Relay Switching

Router dan Switch yang digunakan di Lab:

• Cisco Router 2500 Series (Frame Relay Switching)
• Cisco Router 2600 Series (R5 & R3)
• Cisco Router 3600 Series (R1)
• Cisco Router 1600 (R4)
• Cisco Catalyst 3560 (Cat1)
• Cisco Catalyst 2950 (Cat2)

 

Konfigurasi Cat1:

cat1-3560#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 2455 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service pad
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname cat1-3560
!
enable secret 5 $1$TIde$ASzbNhbW1Q1z0YrHExUGh0
!
no aaa new-model
vtp domain gtntedp
vtp mode transparent
ip subnet-zero
ip routing
!
!
!
!
!
!
no file verify auto
spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
vlan internal allocation policy ascending
!
vlan 10
 name vlan10
!
vlan 20
 name vlan20
!
vlan 200
 name mgs-lan
!
!
interface Port-channel1
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,10
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 200
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
 switchport access vlan 200
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/3
 switchport access vlan 200
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/4
 switchport access vlan 200
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/5
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/6
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/7
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/8
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/9
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/10
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/11
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/12
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/13
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,10
 switchport mode trunk
 channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/14
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,10
 switchport mode trunk
 channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/15
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,20
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/16
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/17
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/18
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/19
 switchport access vlan 20
 switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/20
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/21
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/22
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/23
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/25
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/26
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/27
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/28
!
interface Vlan1
 ip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan20
 ip address 10.2.20.20 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan200
 ip address 192.168.88.160 255.255.255.0
!
ip classless
ip http server
ip http secure-server
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
line vty 5 15
 no login
!
end

 

Konfigurasi Cat2:

cat2-2950#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 1378 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service pad
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname cat2-2950
!
enable secret 5 $1$oJyg$iLr4Ky..QP0pApVSsNJmi0
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
no spanning-tree optimize bpdu transmission
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
!
!
!
interface Port-channel1
 switchport mode trunk
 flowcontrol send off
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
 switchport mode trunk
 channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
 switchport mode trunk
 channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
!
interface Vlan1
 ip address 100.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 no ip route-cache
!
ip http server
!
line con 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
line vty 5 15
 no login
!
!
end

 

Koonfigurasi R5:

r5-2600#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 1221 bytes
!
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname r5-2600
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$JR4e$x9erhfWuINfiHO.QfEwFC/
!
memory-size iomem 15
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
ip cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.1
 encapsulation dot1Q 1 native
 ip address 100.1.1.11 255.255.255.0
 no snmp trap link-status
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.10
 encapsulation dot1Q 10
 ip address 10.2.2.5 255.255.255.0
 no snmp trap link-status
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.20
 encapsulation dot1Q 20
 ip address 10.2.20.5 255.255.255.0
 no snmp trap link-status
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
router eigrp 100
 network 10.0.0.0
 no auto-summary
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 5.5.5.5
 log-adjacency-changes
 redistribute eigrp 100
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
!
ip http server
ip classless
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
!
!
end

 

Konfigurasi R4:

r4-1600#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 602 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service single-slot-reload-enable
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname r4-1600
!
enable secret 5 $1$meG/$seccxiNgLFyqkTaDpF2T91
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
!
interface Ethernet0
 ip address 10.2.2.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
 ip address 10.3.3.4 255.255.255.0
 no fair-queue
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 1 virtual-link 10.4.4.1
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!
ip classless
no ip http server
!
!
line con 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
!
end

 

Konfigurasi R1:

r1-3600#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration:
!
version 12.0
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname r1-3600
!
enable secret 5 $1$g0TT$2tbluwWtPkwRWaELU1kis1
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
!
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 10.2.20.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip directed-broadcast
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.4.4.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip directed-broadcast
 encapsulation frame-relay
 ip ospf network broadcast
 no ip mroute-cache
 no arp frame-relay
 no fair-queue
 frame-relay map ip 10.4.4.3 103 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface Serial0/1
 ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip directed-broadcast
 clockrate 64000
!
router eigrp 100
 network 10.0.0.0
 no auto-summary
!
router ospf 1
 redistribute eigrp 100 subnets
 network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
 network 10.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 area 1 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
!
ip classless
no ip http server
!
!
!
line con 0
 transport input none
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
!
end

 

Konfigurasi Frame Relay Switching:

frsw-2500#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration:
!
version 11.2
no service password-encryption
no service udp-small-servers
no service tcp-small-servers
!
hostname frsw-2500
!
!
frame-relay switching
!
interface Ethernet0
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 no arp frame-relay
 no fair-queue
 clockrate 64000
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 103 interface Serial1 301
!
interface Serial1
 no ip address
 encapsulation frame-relay
 no arp frame-relay
 clockrate 64000
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
 frame-relay intf-type dce
 frame-relay route 301 interface Serial0 103
!
no ip classless
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 login
!
end

 

Konfigurasi R3:

r3-2600#sh run
Building configuration…

Current configuration : 906 bytes
!
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname r3-2600
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$pwCi$0JcdhrHw8vfd394yaEtLH/
!
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
ip cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
 half-duplex
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 10.4.4.3 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 ip ospf network broadcast
 no fair-queue
 no arp frame-relay
 frame-relay map ip 10.4.4.1 301 broadcast
 no frame-relay inverse-arp
 frame-relay lmi-type cisco
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
!
ip http server
ip classless
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 no login
!
!
end 

 

Hasil tes ping dari lo0 di R5 ke lo0 di R3:

 

 

 

Menyambung materi Frame Relay – 01. Kali ini implementasi Frame Relay menggunakan topologi yang lebih kompleks. Seperti pada gambar topologi fisik di bawah. R2 tetap menjadi frame relay switching atau sisi provider (penyedia layanan frame relay), untuk client site ada R1 [headquarter office] dan tiga branch office yaitu, R3, R4, dan R5.

 

Topologi logikal bisa dilihat pada gambar dibawah.

 

R1 menggunakan sub-interface s1/0.1 yang terkoneksi point-to-point ke R3. Dan sub-interface s1/0.2 yang terkoneksi multipoint ke R4 dan R5. EIGRP digunakan sebagai routing protocol.

Yang perlu dicermati adalah penggunaan multipoint interface/sub-interface. Dengan multipoint maka sub-interface s1/0.2 hanya melihat koneksi ke R4 dan R5 sebagai satu koneksi saja bukan dua. Hal ini menyebabkan informasi routing table dari R4 tidak dapat diterima oleh R5. Karena adanya metode split horizon yang mencegah informasi routing table kembali kepada interface yang sama dari arah dating informasi routing table. Untuk menghindari hal ini, maka command ‘no ip split-horizon eigrp [as number]’ digunakan pada router yang menjadi multipoint interface/sub-interface.

R1:
conf t
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
no shut
int s1/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 102

R3:
conf t
int s1/1
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 201 broadcast
no shut

R2 [Frame Relay Switching]:
conf t
frame-relay switching
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
frame-relay route 102 int s1/1 201
no shut
int s1/1
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
frame-relay route 201 int s1/0 102
no shut

Tes ping dari R1 ke R3 sukses ! Koneksi sudah terbentuk

 

 

Konfigurasi untuk R1, R4, dan R5 dengan multipoint.

R1:
conf t
int s1/0.2 multipoint
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.4 103 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.5 104 broadcast

R4:
conf t
int s1/2
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
ip address 172.16.1.4 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 301 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.5 301 broadcast
no shut

R5:
conf t
int s1/3
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
ip address 172.16.1.5 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 401 broadcast\
frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.4 401 broadcast
no shut

R2 [Frame Relay Switching]:
conf t
int s1/0
frame-relay route 103 int s1/2 301
frame-relay route 104 int s1/3 401
no shut
int s1/2
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
frame-relay route 301 int s1/0 103
no shut
int s1/3
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
frame-relay route 401 int s1/0 104
no shut

Tes ping dari R4 ke R5 sukses !

 

 
Berikutnya implementasi EIGRP pada jaringan frame relay.

R1:
conf t
router eigrp 1
no auto-summary
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
exit
int s1/0.2
no ip split-horizon eigrp 1

R3:
conf t
router eigrp 1
no auto-summary
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

R4:
conf t
router eigrp 1
no auto-summary
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255

R5:
conf t
router eigrp 1
no auto-summary
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255

Tes ping dari R3 ke R4 sukses !

 

 

Tes ping dari R4 ke R3 sukses !

 

Tes ping dari R5 ke R3 sukses !

 

 

Frame Relay merupakan salah satu teknologi WAN yang masih banyak digunakan. Kita akan mengkonfigurasi topologi Frame Relay baik dari sisi client yang diwakili R1 [Headquarter Office] dan R3 [Branch Office], maupun dari sisi Frame Relay Switching yang diwakili R2 [ISP - Internet Service Provider] sebagai penyedia layanan tersebut.

 

 

R1:
conf t
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 102 broadcast
no shut

R3:
conf t
int s1/1
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no arp frame-relay
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.1 201 broadcast
no shut

R2 [Frame Relay Switching]:
conf t
frame-relay switching
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type cisco
frame-relay route 102 int s1/1 201
no shut
int s1/1
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay lmi-type q933a
frame-relay route 201 int s1/0 102
no shut

Melakukan ping dari R1 ke R3, dan aktifkan debug frame-relay packet pada R3 untuk melihat packet icmp yang dilewatkan melalui topologi Frame Relay.

 

 

 

Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) berfungsi sebagai loop free topology pada switches network. Ditemukan oleh Radia Perlman. STP juga sering disebut Layer 2 Link (L2 Link) karena posisinya di layer Data Link pada OSI Layer Model. Dan biasanya digunakan pada redundancy link antar switch.

Cara kerjanya cukup sederhana. Kita mempunyai 3 switch yang saling terhubung satu sama lain dengan data seperti berikut:

• Switch1 (s1) dengan mac-address 000d.2861.ff00
• Switch2 (s2) dengan mac-address 000b.fd3b.e680
• Switch3 (s3) dengan mac-address 001a.a165.3a80

STP secara default akan menentukan Root Switch berdasarkan mac-address terendah. Dari data di atas maka Switch2 akan menjadi Root Switch. Sedangkan Switch3 yang mempunyai mac-address tertinggi akan mempunyai non-designated port, yaitu salah satu port yang terdapat pada Switch3 akan mengalami kondisi BLOCKING (pada gambar terlihat Fa0/9 mengalami BLOCKING). Port-port lainnya yang saling terhubung akan mempunyai kondisi FORWARDING. Dengan demikian akan tercapai kondisi loop free topology, dengan adanya satu Root Switch dan satu port yang BLOCKING, traffic dari suatu paket di jaringan switch melalui ARP request tidak akan mengalami kondisi looping atau berputar-putar yang akan menyebabkan broadcast storm.

Selain cara default seperti di atas. Kita juga dapat menentukan letak Root Switch melalui command line interface. Dengan topologi yang masih sama kita akan membuat Switch1 sebagai Root Switch. Switch2 sebagai Secondary Switch. Yang akan menyebabkan port Fa0/16 pada Switch3 mengalami kondisi BLOCKING. Lab ini menggunakan VLAN 128.

Switch1:

• conf t
• spanning-tree vlan 128 root pimary

Switch2:

• conf t
• spanning-tree vlan 128 root secondary

Maka hasilnya bisa dilihat pada gambar di bawah:

Untuk membuktikan STP melakukan kalkulasi dalam menentukan Root Switch dan membuat satu port ke dalam kondisi BLOCKING gue coba meng-capture hasil extended ping dengan 100000 packet pada saat tersebut. Yaitu:

• Dari Switch1 ke Switch3
• Dari Switch2 ke Switch3
• Dari Switch3 ke Switch1
• Dari Switch1 ke Switch2

Hasilnya dapat dilihat secara berurutan pada gambar di bawah:

Terlihat di 3 gambar pertama terjadi Request Timed Out. Yang menandakan pada saat itu STP sedang melakukan penghitungan untuk mencapai kondisi loop free topology. Sedangkan di gambar terakhir tidak terjadi Request Timed Out karena link Switch1 ke Switch2 ‘tidak terganggu’ dengan penghitungan yang dilakukan STP. 

Namun untuk menggunakan L2 Link atau STP di jaringan produksi, kayaknya mesti dipikir-pikir dulu . Karena gue sendiri menemukan beberapa dokumentasi Cisco yang secara implisit mengajak kita menggunakan STP ‘kalau terpaksa’. Diantaranya bisa dibaca di sini dan juga di sini. Cuma dua yang gue tunjukin, soalnya beberapa yang lain lupa gue bookmark . Juga ada lagi pendapat pribadi (atau profesional ya ?) dari Himawan ‘double CCIE’ Nugroho yang cukup menarik di sini.

Gue harap artikel ini bisa bermanfaat. Disamping gue juga mau nulis tentang STP karena suatu proyek yang lagi gue kerjain. Alhamdulillah jadi banyak baca dan belajar tentang STP. Dan setelah me-review berbagai hal diatas gue pribadi masih lebih senang menggunakan Layer 3 alias Long Live Routing .

Hari ini bikin topologi sederhana untuk monitoring. Perlengkapan yang digunakan:

• 1 PC dengan Windows XP Pro
• 1 Catalyst 2950
• 1 Catalyst 2900 XL
• 1 UTP Cross-Cable untuk Trunk antar switch
• 1 UTP Straight-Cable untuk koneksi PC ke switch
• 1 kabel console dari PC ke switch
• STG (SNMP Traffic Grapher), software monitoring buatan Leonid Mikhailov dengan lisensi freeware. Cool software karena kecil, siap digunakan dimana saja, dan yang paling penting real time ! Untuk download atau mau tahu lebih banyak silakan ke sini

Ini gambar topologi lab monitoringnya:

 

STG telah terinstall di PC, konfigurasi kedua switch juga telah dilakukan sesuai topologi di atas. Langkah percobaan yang segera dilakukan adalah:

• set snmp-server community di switch1 dengan nama ‘monitoring’ dan bertipe ro (read only) 

 

• set STG Parameter, masukkan IP Address switch1 sebagai target. Masukkan nama community yaitu ‘monitoring’. Klik radio button ‘write data’ dan masukkan nama file nya dengan ‘monitoring.csv’. Parameter lainnya tinggalkan sesuai default.

 

 

• Lakukan telnet dari PC ke switch2, setelah itu lakukan Extended ping dengan repeat count sebesar 200000 dari switch2 ke PC

 

 

• Lakukan telnet juga dari PC ke switch2 melalui command-promt. Repeat count sebesar 500000

 

 

• STG secara real time akan menunjukkan packet traffic yang sedang lalu-lalang di jaringan

 

I dedicated this to my mom, my wife, my child, my sisters, and all of my family.
The journey is only begin.

 

OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First.

OSPF is a link state routing protocol. The word ‘Open’ means it is an open source routing protocol, all routers from different brand has ability to operate OSPF.

Shortest Path First means for itself, it always try to find the best path. OSPF determine their best path by calculate the cost from available links with formula: 10^8 / bandwith [bps]. Or the administrator can setup explicitly the cost with this command: router(config-if)# ip ospf cost number. The lowest cost is the best path chosen by OSPF. For example, if there is two links available on router running OSPF, first link’s cost is 1, second link’s cost is 10, then the best path is the first link.

Each router in OSPF area has its own view to all the network topology. They multicast hello packet, known as hello mechanism. With 224.0.0.5 sent by OSPF network to DR (Designated Router) and BDR (Backup Designated Router) and 224.0.0.6 sent by DR and BDR to OSPF network. Resulting fast convergence times for each router in that area.

Click ospf.jpg to see image

scenario:

Router-1:
E0/1 192.168.1.1/24
S0/1 172.16.15.5/30 DCE
Lo1 1.1.1.1/24

Router-2:
S0/1 10.15.21.9/30 DCE
Lo2 2.2.2.2/24

Router-3:
S0/1 100.100.1.9/30 DCE
Lo3 3.3.3.3/24

Router-4:
S0/1 128.128.1.5/30 DCE
Lo4 4.4.4.4/24

Router-5:
Lo5 5.5.5.5/24

Router-1 is connected to access-point 192.168.1.11/24 inside the LAN there is one PC availabe with IP address 192.168.1.12/24.
Setup this topology with OSPF single area! 

 

console:

Router-1:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router-1

Router-1(config)# enable password pass

Router-1(config)# service password-encryption

Router-1(config)# enable secret passwd

Router-1(config)# banner motd #

                           —!!! Router-1 Restricted Shell !!!—#

Router-1(config)# line vty 0 4

Router-1(config-line)# password telnet

Router-1(config-line)# login

Router-1(config-line)# exit

Router-1(config)# int e0/1

Router-1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router-1(config-if)# no shut

Router-1(config-if)# exit

Router-1(config)# int s0/1

Router-1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.15.5 255.255.255.252

Router-1(config-if)# clock rate 64000

Router-1(config-if)# no shut

Router-1(config-if)# exit

Router-1(config)# int loopback 1

Router-1(config-if)# ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router-1(config-if)# no shut

Router-1(config-if)# exit

Router-1(config)# router ospf 5

Router-1(config-router)# network 172.16.15.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-1(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-1(config-router)# network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-1(config-router)# ^Z

Router-1#

 

Router-2:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router-2

Router-2(config)# enable password pass

Router-2(config)# service password-encryption

Router-2(config)# enable secret passwd

Router-2(config)# banner motd #

                           —!!! Router-2 Restricted Shell !!!—#

Router-2(config)# line vty 0 4

Router-2(config-line)# password telnet

Router-2(config-line)# login

Router-2(config-line)# exit

Router-2(config)# int s0/0

Router-2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.15.6 255.255.255.252

Router-2(config-if)# no shut

Router-2(config-if)# exit

Router-2(config)# int s0/1

Router-2(config-if)# ip address 10.15.21.9 255.255.255.252

Router-2(config-if)# clock rate 64000

Router-2(config-if)# no shut

Router-2(config-if)# exit

Router-2(config)#  int loopback 2

Router-2(config-if)# ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

Router-2(config-if)# no shut

Router-2(config-if)# exit

Router-2(config)# router ospf 5

Router-2(config-router)# network 172.16.15.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-2(config-router)# network 10.15.21.8 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-2(config-router)# network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-2(config-router)# ^Z

Router-2#

 

Router-3:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router-3

Router-3(config)# enable password pass

Router-3(config)# service password-encryption

Router-3(config)# enable secret passwd

Router-3(config)# banner motd #

                           —!!! Router-3 Restricted Shell !!!—#

Router-3(config)# line vty 0 4

Router-3(config-line)# password telnet

Router-3(config-line)# login

Router-3(config-line)# exit

Router-3(config)# int s0/0

Router-3(config-if)# ip address 10.15.21.10 255.255.255.252

Router-3(config-if)# no shut

Router-3(config-if)# exit

Router-3(config)# int s0/1

Router-3(config-if)# ip address 100.100.1.9 255.255.255.252

Router-3(config-if)# clock rate 64000

Router-3(config-if)# no shut

Router-3(config-if)# exit

Router-3(config)# int loopback 3

Router-3(config-if)# ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

Router-3(config-if)# no shut

Router-3(config-if)# exit

Router-3(config)# router ospf 5

Router-3(config-router)# network 10.15.21.8 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-3(config-router)# network 100.100.1.8 0.0.0.252 area 0

Router-3(config-router)# network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-3(config-router)# ^Z

Router-3# 

 

Router-4:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router-4

Router-4(config)# enable password pass

Router-4(config)# service password-encryption

Router-4(config)# enable secret passwd

Router-4(config)# banner motd #

                           —!!! Router-4 Restricted Shell !!!—#

Router-4(config)# line vty 0 4

Router-4(config-line)# password telnet

Router-4(config-line)# login

Router-4(config-line)# exit

Router-4(config)# int s0/0

Router-4(config-if)# ip address 100.100.1.10 255.255.255.252

Router-4(config-if)# no shut

Router-4(config-if)# exit

Router-4(config)# int s0/1

Router-4(config-if)# ip address 128.128.1.5 255.255.255.252

Router-4(config-if)# no shut

Router-4(config-if)# exit

Router-4(config)# int loopback 4

Router-4(config-if)# ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0

Router-4(config-if)# no shut

Router-4(config-if)# exit

Router-4(config)# router ospf 5

Router-4(config-router)# network 100.100.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-4(config-router)# network 128.128.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-4(config-router)# network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-4(config-router)# ^Z

Router-4#

 

Router-5:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router-5

Router-5(config)# enable password pass

Router-5(config)# service password-encryption

Router-5(config)# enable secret passwd

Router-5(config)# banner motd #

                                  —!!! Router-5 Restricted Shell !!!—#

Router-5(config)# line vty 0 4

Router-5(config-line)# password telnet

Router-5(config-line)# login

Router-5(config-line)# exit

Router-5(config)# int s0/0

Router-5(config-if)# ip address 128.128.1.6 255.255.255.252

Router-5(config-if)# no shut

Router-5(config-if)# exit

Router-5(config)# int loopback 5

Router-5(config-if)# ip loopback 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0

Router-5(config-if)# no shut

Router-5(config-if)# exit

Router-5(config)# router ospf 5

Router-5(config-router)# network 128.128.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 0

Router-5(config-router)# network 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router-5(config-router)# ^Z

Router-5#

For a while, I can only used Cisco Catalyst Switch 1900 version.

Because that’s the only available switch in my labs. And I’ve been reading on CNAP documents, most of example are made with 2900 version. So I’m still curious to try that version. And the command line interface for 2900 version is more complex too.

But, meanwhile I just maximize all that I’ve got.
And here it is, the simply and short Basic Switch Configuration (BSC) for ‘must-do’ when working with switch.

 
console:

switch> enable

switch# conf t

switch(config)# hostname switch-A

switch-A(config)# enable password level 15 cisco

switch-A(config)# ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0

 

Now I will write about basic router configuration (BRC).
BRC is the first thing ‘must-do’ when working with router.
Points of BRC includes:

1. setting up hostname
2. enable password (plain text)
3. service password-encryption (make it encrypted)
4. enable secret (password with MD5, higher priority than enable password)
5. setting up banner
6. setting up telnet
7. turning on all interfaces connected to other router or network devices (very usefull for CDP)

 
console:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname router-1

router-1(config)# enable password pass

router-1(config)# service password-encryption

router-1(config)# enable secret passwd

router-1(config)# banner motd #

                           —!!! Restricted Shell !!!— #

router-1(config)# line vty 0 4

router-1(config-line)# password cisco

router-1(config-line)# login

router-1(config-line)# exit

router-1(config)# int s0/0

router-1(config-if)# no shut

router-1(config-if)# exit

router-1(config)# int s0/1

router-1(config-if)# no shut

router-1(config-if)# exit

router-1(config)# int e0/1

router-1(config-if)# no shut

router-1(config-if)# exit

router-1(config)# int fa0/1

router-1(config-if)# no shut

router-1(config-if)# exit

router-1(config)#
 

As mention before, Trunk is a physical connection containing logical connection to connected VLANs. How many logical connection can be made inside the Trunk is depend on how many VLAN used.

In this topic, I will talk about how to setup VLAN-Trunking. This topology made possible for different VLANs connected each other. Router is needed, because communication between VLANs are based on network layer using IP address. We can say that router act as a gateway for each VLANs.

That is the main different with previous topology, VLAN-Switch and VLAN-Switches, those are based on data link layer using MAC Address

Click VLAN-Trunking.jpg to see image

scenario:

Switch-A has VLAN 10 on port e0/1, and VLAN 20 on port e0/2. Fa0/27 (fast ethernet port) is connected to access point. Fa0/26 made a trunk connection to Fa0/26 switch-B.

Switch-B has VLAN 10 on port e0/1, and VLAN 20 on port e0/2. Fa0/27 made a trunk connection to Fa0/0 on router.

 

console:

switch-A:

switch> enable

switch# conf t

switch(config)# hostname switch-A

switch-A(config)# enable password level 15 cisco

switch-A(config)# ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0

switch-A(config)# vlan 10 name Group-A

switch-A(config)# vlan 20 name Group-B

switch-A(config)# int fa0/26

switch-A(config-if)# trunk on

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/1

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/2

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20

 

switch-B:

switch> enable

switch# conf t

switch(config)# hostname switch-B

switch-B(config)# enable password level 15 cisco

switch-B(config)# ip address 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.0

switch-B(config)# vlan 10 name Group-A

switch-B(config)# vlan 20 name Group-B

switch-B(config)# int fa0/26

switch-B(config-if)# trunk on

switch-B(config-if)# exit

switch-B(config)# int fa0/27

switch-B(config-if)# trunk on

switch-B(config-if)# exit

switch-B(config)# int e0/1

switch-B(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch-B(config-if)# exit

switch-B(config)# int e0/2

switch-B(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20

 

Router:

router> enable

router# conf t

router(config)# hostname Router

Router(config)# enable secret cisco

Router(config)# line vty 0 4

Router(config-line)# password cisco

Router(config-line)# login

Router(config-line)# exit

Router(config)# int fa0/0

Router(config-if)# no shut

Router(config-if)# int fa0/0.1

Router(config-subif)# encapsulation isl 1

Router(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.1.13 255.255.255.0

Router(config-subif)# description Gateway-VLAN1

Router(config-subif)# exit

Router(config-if)# int fa0/0.10

Router(config-subif)# encapsulation isl 10

Router(config-subif)# ip address 10.1.1.101 255.255.255.0

Router(config-subif)# description Gateway-VLAN10

Router(config-subif)# exit

Router(config-if)# int fa0/0.20

Router(config-subif)# encapsulation isl 20

Router(config-subif)# ip address 172.17.1.101 255.255.255.0

Router(config-subif)# description Gateway-VLAN2

 

Continuing previous post with title VLAN-Switch, now I will talk about VLAN-Switches.

This topology of VLAN is needed a Trunk. What is a Trunk ?

Trunk is a physical connection between switch to switch or switch to router or between switch to pc with a special NIC supported Trunk.

The figure below is talking about Trunk between two switch. In this topology, Trunk is  functioning as a bridge for each VLANs. So VLAN 10 in switch-A can communicate to VLAN 10 in switch-B with a logical connection inside the Trunk. Similar explanation for VLAN 20. But remember, different VLAN still can not connected to each other.

Click VLAN-Switches.jpg to see image

Two switches, switch-A and switch-B. Each has two VLANs, VLAN 10 and VLAN 20.

In switch-A VLAN 10 registered on ethernet-port 0/1, while ethernet-port 0/2 has VLAN 20. And switch-B has VLAN 10 registered on ethernet-port 0/1, and ethernet-port 0/2 has VLAN 20. 

As usual we will setup the default configuration on the switch, like hostname, password, IP Address, and the VLAN itself. 

 

console:

switch-A: 

switch> enable

switch# conf t

switch(config)# hostname switch-A

switch-A(config)# enable password level 15 cisco

switch-A(config)# ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0

switch-A(config)# vlan 10 name Group-A

switch-A(config)# vlan 20 name Group-B

switch-A(config)# int fa0/26

switch-A(config-if)# trunk on

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/1

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/2

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20

 

switch-B:

switch> enable

switch# conf t

switch(config)# hostname switch-B

switch(config)# enable password level 15 cisco

switch(config)# ip address 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.0

switch(config)# vlan 10 name Group-A

switch(config)# vlan 20 name Group-B

switch(config)# int fa0/26

switch(config-if)# trunk on

switch(config-if)# exit

switch(config)# int e0/1

switch(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch(config-if)# exit

switch(config)# int e0/2

switch(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20

 

VLAN stands for Virtual-LAN. The main idea is how to make logical connection trough a switch by grouping a LAN.

For example, LAN at the office. Most of them, it just connect all host available to ports available in switch. It will make one big broadcast transmission, and by the time it will excessive the network.

With VLAN you can make group for each department, like VLAN-marketing, VLAN-accounting, VLAN-operation. Host in VLAN-marketing can only communicate with other host in the same VLAN. Same scenario for other VLANs. This topology will divided broadcast transmission in to three different broadcast for each VLAN. It will make network more enhance and could provide maximum troughput to each host.

In order for scalability and adaptability, subnetting should be use for each VLAN. Especially for Trunking method.

scenario:

Cisco Catalyst Switch 1900 version with four active ethernet ports connects to four PC. We will try setting 2 VLANs, which is VLAN 10 and VLAN 20.

Console commands are setting up VLAN 10 and VLAN 20. VLAN 10 has a member ethernet-port 0/1 and ethernet-port 0/3, VLAN 20 has a member ethernet-port 0/2 and ethernet-port 0/4.

Host at ethernet-port 0/1 can only communicate to host at ethernet-port 0/3 because they are on the same VLAN 10. And Host at ethernet-port 0/2 can only communicate to host at ethernet-port 0/4 because they are on the same VLAN 20

 

console:

switch> enable

switch# conf t 

switch(config)# hostname switch-A

switch-A(config)# enable password level 15 cisco 

switch-A(config)# ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0

switch-A(config)# vlan 10 name Group-A

switch-A(config)# vlan 20 name Group-B

switch-A(config)# int e0/1

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/2

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/3

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 10

switch-A(config-if)# exit

switch-A(config)# int e0/4

switch-A(config-if)# vlan-membership static 20